Sonographic Findings of Myocardial Infarction in Obese Hypertensive and Obese Non-Hypertensive Patients on Echocardiography

Arifa Mobeen; Amtullah Ansari; Minahil Kiran; Minahil Shabbir; Areesha; Pakeeza Nadeem; Shanza Shahid; Wajiha Zafar

doi:10.61919/r37nf283

Authors

Arifa Mobeen BS in Medical Imaging and Ultrasonography, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Amtullah Ansari Department of Clinical Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Minahil Kiran BS in Medical Imaging and Ultrasonography, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Minahil Shabbir BS in Medical Imaging and Ultrasonography, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Areesha BS in Medical Imaging and Ultrasonography, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Pakeeza Nadeem BS in Medical Imaging and Ultrasonography, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Shanza Shahid BS in Medical Imaging and Ultrasonography, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author
Wajiha Zafar Master of Science in Diagnostic Ultrasound, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61919/r37nf283

Keywords:

obesity, hypertension, myocardial infarction, echocardiography, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac remodeling

Abstract

Background: Obesity and hypertension are major cardiovascular risk factors that may worsen myocardial remodeling and functional impairment after myocardial infarction. Echocardiography provides a non-invasive method for assessing structural and functional cardiac abnormalities in high-risk patients. Objective: To compare echocardiographic findings between obese hypertensive and obese non-hypertensive patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 103 obese patients with myocardial infarction who underwent echocardiographic assessment at Combined Military Hospital, Lahore. Participants were categorized as hypertensive or non-hypertensive, and echocardiographic abnormalities were analyzed across hypertension status, age group, and gender using frequency distributions, cross-tabulation, chi-square tests, and effect-size estimates. Results: Of 103 participants, 54 (52.4%) were hypertensive and 49 (47.6%) were non-hypertensive; 69 (67.0%) were male and 34 (33.0%) were female. The most frequent echocardiographic findings were left ventricular hypertrophy in 17 participants (16.5%), mitral regurgitation in 16 (15.5%), and increased left ventricular wall thickness in 12 (11.7%). The overall distribution of echocardiographic findings did not differ significantly by hypertension status, χ²(11) = 16.550, p = 0.122, or gender, p = 0.662. Age group was significantly associated with gender distribution, p = 0.018. Conclusion: Obese patients with myocardial infarction demonstrated a notable burden of echocardiographic abnormalities, particularly left ventricular hypertrophy, mitral regurgitation, and increased left ventricular wall thickness. Hypertensive patients showed selected numerical differences, but overall echocardiographic patterns were not statistically different from non-hypertensive patients.

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